Water Treatment plant in Tuticorin
A water treatment process improves the quality of water so that it can be used for a specific purpose. Drinking water, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation, or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment, could be the end use. In water treatment, contaminants and undesirable components are removed or reduced so that the water is fit for its intended use. The treatment of water is crucial to human health and allows humans to drink and irrigate.
Having drinkable water is a key worldwide concern for the twenty-first century because water is the most crucial compound for life on Earth. As a basic requirement, all living things require clean, uncontaminated water. Over 71 percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water, but only around 1% of it is drinkable according to international standards. Water contamination is mainly caused by industrial waste water discharge, agricultural pollution, municipal wastewater, environmental changes, and global warming. The health of human beings, aquatic systems, and the environment can be adversely affected by even trace levels of heavy metals, dyes, and microbes.
Developing alternate water sources for human consumption is becoming increasingly important to address water scarcity issues.
There are two types of wastewater: domestic and industrial. Wastewater from non-manufacturing processes may contain sewage, bacteria, viruses, hazardous and non-toxic organisms, sanitary outputs, rubbish, detergents, and other solid or liquid pollutants.
Water Treatment Plants in Tuticorin: How Do They Purify Water?
For a municipality to provide clean water to its residents, water treatment plants in Tuticorin are essential. In water plants, water purification is carried out by specialists to ensure safety and efficiency. Stages of the procedure involve a variety of technical processes.
IN WATER PURIFICATION PLANTS, HOW IS WATER FILTERED?
What steps do municipalities take to ensure the health of their communities and the environment? In the primary and secondary waste water treatment plant process, several steps are involved in purifying the water. Here’s how water purification plants process collected water.
COAGULATION
As water enters a treatment plant, the first step is coagulation, where chemicals are added to the water supply to bind micro particles and small solids. Chemicals used in water treatment plants to aid coagulation include polyelectrolyte, ferrous sulfate, and aluminum sulfate.
FLOCCULATION
Upon being treated with coagulation chemicals, water enters a tank with giant paddles. In water treatment plant, these mixtures mix the chemicals with water and allow the micro particles to become larger pieces that are likely to stick together, improving sedimentation. This process is known as flocculation.
SEDIMENTATION
As soon as the flocculation process is complete, the water enters the sedimentation phase. The large particles formed during the coagulation and flocculation stages separate and settle in the primary settling basins. As a result, cleaner water can be used in the treatment plant for further processing. A sludge layer forms on the bottom of the tank and is later removed via sludge thickening and reused.
DISINFECTION
In the water treatment plant in Tuticorin, chlorine is added during the disinfection water treatment step after clarified water leaves sedimentation basins. Chlorine wastewater treatment produces ammonia, which forms chloramine. As part of the disinfection process, chloramine disinfected water goes through a further set of basins.
PH ADJUSTMENT
Following disinfection, the water undergoes a pH treatment. Water is less acidic when lime or calcium oxide is added, as it adjusts the ph. It is also less corrosive to domestic water pipes when lime or calcium oxide is added. At this point, polyphosphate solution is also added to the water to dissolve the lime.
FLUORIDATION
A small amount of fluorosilicic acid is added to the water once it exits the sedimentation basins. By fluoridating the water supply, dental decay can be prevented.
FILTRATION
The water is then filtered using rapid gravity filters. Sand is commonly used in this type of filter to remove any further sediment or particles. During this final stage, water is filtered in a regulated manner. Particles stick to the filter, leaving clean water to be piped into the municipal supply. Water is pumped from pumping stations to domestic customers through pipelines.
There are 7 major stages in water treatment plant in Tuticorin
The process of treating water involves removing all potentially harmful substances, whether biological, chemical, or physical, from the water supply for human consumption. As a result of this treatment, water is safe, palatable, clear, colorless, and odorless. A non-corrosive water will not damage pipes, as well.
1. Screening
To protect the main units of a water treatment plant and aid in their efficient operation, screens are used to remove large floating and suspended solids from the inflow. Materials such as leaves, twigs, paper, rags, and other debris that could obstruct or damage equipment are included in this category.
2. Aeration
Water is aerated (supplied with air) after screening by passing it through a series of steps to take in oxygen from the air. The process helps to remove soluble gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide (both of which are acidic, so the water becomes less corrosive) and any gaseous organic compounds that may impart an undesirable taste to the water. By oxidizing iron or manganese to their insoluble form, aeration also removes these substances. Manganese and iron can cause peculiar tastes and stain clothing. Filtration can remove these substances once they have become insoluble.
3. Coagulation and Flocculation
In the process of aeration, fine particles (less than 1 m in size) suspended in the water are removed by coagulation. This process involves adding a chemical called a coagulant (with a positive electrical charge) to the water to neutralize the negative electrical charge of the fine particles. During coagulant addition, a high-speed impeller disperses the coagulant quickly in a rapid mix tank.
4. Sedimentation
After large flocs form, they must be settled out by sedimentation (when the particles fall to the bottom of a settling tank). After coagulation and flocculation, the water is kept in the tank for sedimentation for several hours. Sludge accumulates at the bottom of the tank and is removed for disposal.
5. Filtration
Solids are separated from liquids through filtration. In water treatment plant in Tuticorin, solids not separated in the sedimentation tank are removed by passing the water through sand and gravel beds. Rapid gravity filters have a flow rate of 4–8 cubic meters per square meter per hour.
Filters are back-washed when they become clogged with solids. The dirt is dislodged by pumping clean water and air back up the filter, and the water carrying the dirt (referred to as backwash) is pumped into a sewerage system if one exists. To remove solids, it may be discharged back into the source river after settling in a sedimentation tank.
6. Chlorination
After sedimentation, the water is disinfected to remove any remaining pathogenic microorganisms. Most commonly, chlorine (the chemical used for disinfection) is used, either as a liquid (such as sodium hypochlorite, NaOCl) or as a gas. It is relatively inexpensive and easy to use. Water contaminants, including microorganisms, react with chlorine when it is added to it over a period of time, called the contact time. Residual chlorine is the amount of chlorine left after this process. It stays in the water throughout the distribution system, protecting it from microorganisms that may enter it.
7. Supplementary Treatment
There may be a need for supplementary treatment for the benefit of the population. Fluoridation of water is one example of this. The World Health Organization has declared that fluoridation of water supplies is the most effective public health measure for preventing dental decay. Fluoride levels in water should be around 1 mg/liter.
WATER PURIFICATION IN WATER PLANTS: FINAL THOUGHTS
A safe supply of water for public and commercial use depends on water purification plant processes. The quality of the processes needs to be regularly checked in order to ensure that standards are being met and the public receives clean, healthy water. It means employing specialists who are knowledgeable about maintaining treatment plants and purifying water.
Ensure that your water treatment plant in Tuticorin receives regular maintenance checks and quality checks from municipal water treatment experts, such as those at AOS.
